Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2016 Apr 29:0. [Epub ahead of print]
The vicious cycle of vitamin A deficiency: A review.
Abstract
Vitamin A deficiency
(VAD) is a serious and widespread public health problem and the leading
cause of preventable blindness in young children. It is also associated
with increased rates of death from severe infections, especially in
developing countries. Over the past 35 years, researchers have examined
the numerous activities of vitamin A
in different tissues of the human body. VAD can lead to a series of
ocular symptoms, anemia and weak resistance to infection, which can
increase the severity of infectious diseases and the risk of death. Cell
development, vision, growth and normal metabolism are among the vital
processes that are insufficiently supported in the presence of VAD. VAD
leads to impaired tissue function especially during the developmental
periods of infancy, childhood, pregnancy and lactation. We describe a
multidirectional model of VAD that demonstrates how VAD can have
progressive, negative effects on vital processes of the human body
throughout the life cycle. This model starts with impaired intake and
its link to decreased absorption and digestion and includes outcomes
such as malnutrition, inflammation, and improper growth processes,
including possible mechanisms. Together, these clinical and biochemical
manifestations contribute to the vicious cycle of VAD.
- PMID:
- 27128154
- [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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